Melasma or Pigmentation

Melasma or Pigmentation Treatment In DelhiMelasma is a chronic skin disorder that results in symmetrical, blotchy, brownish facial pigmentation. It can lead to considerable embarrassment and distress.

The cause of melasma is complex. The pigmentation is due to overproduction of melanin by the pigment cells- melanocytes; which is taken up by the keratinocytes (epidermal melanosis) or deposited in the dermis (dermal melanosis, melanophages). There is a genetic predisposition to melasma. In most people melasma is a chronic disorder.

Known triggers for melasma include:

Sun exposure and sun damage- this is the most important avoidable risk factor Pregnancy - in affected women the pigment often fades a few months after delivery Hormone treatments- oral contraceptive pills containing oestrogen and/or progesterone, hormone replacement, intrauterine devices and implants are a factor in about a quarter of affected women Certain medications, scented or deodorant soaps, toiletries and cosmetics- these may cause a phototoxic reaction that triggers melasma, which may then persist long term Hypothyroidism -low levels of circulating thyroid hormone Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR)- it deepens the pigmentation because it activates the melanocytes to produce more melanin. Melasma is more common in women than in men. It generally starts between the age of 20 and 40 years.